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What is the primary objective of this study?

Object: Every person's pain perception and possible postoperative pain is different. As the investigators know, they are affected by many factors. However, the investigators don't know whether the smoking factors, alcohol factors, surgery type, education background, etc. will affect individual pain perception and possible postoperative pain in Chinese population. This study was conducted to investigate the power of these possible affect factors. Method: Patients receiving elective surgery under general anesthesia were recruited into this study. The investigators measured their preoperative pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure pain tolerance (PTO)and also investigated the patient's personal information of smoking factors, alcohol factors, surgery type, education background, etc. In addition, we retrospectively investigated the visual analog scale (VAS) during patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) treatment 0 to 48 h after operation as well as the PCA press frequency and drug consumption of those patients who received PCA administration.

Who is eligible to participate?

Inclusion Criteria: - Aged 18 to 70 - The right hand is handedness - Agreed to participate the research - Not with known chronic disease - Not taking analgesics within 3 months Exclusion Criteria: - History of chronic pain diseases - Diabetes mellitus - Severe cardiovascular diseases - Kidney or liver diseases - Alcohol or drug abuse - Pregnancy or at lactation period - Disagree to participate to the research

Which medical condition, disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury is researched?

Pain

Surgery

Study Interventions

Interventions can include giving participants drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available or noninvasive approaches such as surveys, education, and interviews.

Study Arms

Research studies and clinical trials typically have two or more research arms. An arm is a group of people who receive the same treatment in the study.

Study Status

Completed

Start Date: October 2012

Completed Date: April 2014

Phase:

Type: Observational

Design:

Primary Outcome: Pressure pain threshold

Secondary Outcome: Pain scores on visual analog scale after operation

Study sponsors, principal investigator, and references

Principal Investigator: Zhang Xianwei, Doctor

Lead Sponsor: Xianwei Zhang

Collaborator:

More information:https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01750047